21 November 2024, New Delhi: Satellite monitoring has detected 270 active fire incidents from stubble burning in Punjab on November 19, 2024, raising serious concerns about the air quality in the region. The Punjab Remote Sensing Centre, using advanced satellite remote sensing technology, reported the data following a new protocol developed by the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) for tracking crop residue burning.
The highest number of fire events on the day were recorded in Moga district (33), followed by Muktsar (31), Bathinda (27), and Sangrur (24). Faridkot, Ludhiana, and Tarn Taran each reported 22 fire incidents.
This year’s figures show a concerning rise in fire events when compared to the same date in the past two years. On November 19, 2022, Punjab recorded 426 fire incidents, whereas, in 2023, the number surged to 740. While 2024’s figure of 270 appears lower, it still raises questions about the effectiveness of policies aimed at curbing stubble burning.
AQI Levels in New Delhi Hit Hazardous Levels
On November 18, the US Embassy in New Delhi recorded an Air Quality Index (AQI) of 1730, a dangerously high level that indicates a severe health risk. The smoke from stubble burning in Punjab, carried by winds from the northwest, blanketed the city overnight and intensified further by morning. Although there was some dissipation during the day due to a rise in temperature, experts warn that the AQI could worsen as stubble burning incidents continue to rise.
Stubble Burning: A Recurring Challenge
Despite years of intervention, stubble burning remains a persistent issue in Punjab, particularly during the post-harvest season of paddy. Farmers often cite economic constraints and the lack of viable alternatives to quickly clear their fields for the next cropping season. However, the resultant smoke significantly contributes to air pollution in the National Capital Region (NCR), exacerbating Delhi’s already poor air quality during winter.
The government has implemented various measures, including subsidies for stubble management machinery and awareness campaigns, yet the practice continues. The stark comparison of fire events across years highlights the challenge of enforcement and the need for innovative solutions.
Collaborative Action Needed
With New Delhi’s AQI levels hitting alarming highs and fire incidents in Punjab persisting, the situation calls for urgent and collaborative action. Experts emphasize the need for stronger enforcement of anti-stubble burning laws, financial incentives for farmers, and large-scale adoption of eco-friendly alternatives such as bio-decomposers. Additionally, real-time monitoring and stricter penalties could help curb the practice.
As the winter season progresses, the health implications for millions in the NCR grow more severe. The interplay of stubble burning, unfavorable weather conditions, and inadequate mitigation measures demands immediate attention to protect public health and ensure environmental sustainability.
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